SWL Blog - The shock wave lithotripsy literature database

Akkas F, Sam E, Ayten A, Atar FA, Guner E.
Department of Urology, Erzurum Training and Research Hospital, Health Sciences University Erzurum, Turkey.
Department of Urology, Erzurum Training and Research Hospital, Health Sciences University Erzurum, Turkey.
Department of Urology, Bakirkoy Dr.Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Health Sciences University, Istanbul, Turkey.

Dasgupta R, Cameron S, Aucott L, MacLennan G, Thomas RE, N'Dow J, Norrie J, Anson K, Keeley FX Jr, MacLennan SJ, Starr K, McClinton S.
Department of Urology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, W2 1NY, UK.
Centre for Healthcare Randomised Trials, University of Aberdeen, Health Sciences Building, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, UK.
Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Health Sciences Building, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, UK.
NHS Grampian, Department of Urology, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, UK.
Edinburgh Clinical Trials Unit, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences & Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Department of Urology, St Georges University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Bristol Urological Institute, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK.
Academic Urology Unit, University of Aberdeen, Health Sciences Building, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, UK.
Nottingham Clinical Trials Unit, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, UK.

Önal B, Kırlı EA, Canpolat N, Taşdemir M, Gürbüz A, Özman O, Sever L, Bilge I, Çalışkan S.
Department of Urology, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul University- Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey. 
Department of Urology, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul University- Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey.
Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey.
Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department Pediatrics, Koç University Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department Pediatrics, Koç University School Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.

Ortac M, Özmez A, Cilesiz NC, Demirelli E, Kadıoğlu A.
Urology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.

Washino S, Hayase T, Miyagawa T, Arai Y.
The Department of Urology, Nishi-Omiya Hospital, Saitama, Japan.
The Department of Urology, Jichi Medical University Saitama Medical Center, 1-847 Amanuma-cho, Omiya-ku, Saitama, 330-8503, Japan.
The Department of Urology, Jichi Medical University Saitama Medical Center, 1-847 Amanuma-cho, Omiya-ku, Saitama, 330-8503, Japan.
The Department of Urology, Nishi-Omiya Hospital, Saitama, Japan.

Kim CH, Chung DY, Rha KH, Lee JY, Lee SH.
Department of Nursing Science, College of Nursing, Gachon University, Incheon 22212, Korea.
Department of Urology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22212, Korea.
Department of Urology, Severance Hospital, Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea.
Center of Evidence Based Medicine, Institute of Convergence Science, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea.

Qian S, Liu M, Zhang J, Jiang Q, Gao L.
Department of Urology, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, China.
Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China.
Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.

Micali S, Sighinolfi MC, Iseppi A, Morini E, Calcagnile T, Benedetti M, Ticonosco M, Kaleci S, Bevilacqua L, Puliatti S, De Nunzio C, Arada R, Chiancone F, Campobasso D, Eissa A, Bonfante G, Simonetti E, Cotugno M, Galli R, Curti P, Schips L, Ditonno P, Villa L, Ferretti S, Bergamaschi F, Bozzini G, Zoeir A, Sherbiny AE, Frattini A, Fedelini P, Okhunov Z, Tubaro A, Landman J, Bianchi G, Rocco B.
Department of Urology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Urological Residency School Network, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
Department of Urology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Urological Residency School Network, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy. Electronic address: .
Clinical and experimental medicine (CEM), Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
Department of Urology, Ospedale Sant'Andrea, "La Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy.
Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA, USA.
Department of Urology, AORN Antonio Cardarelli, Naples, Italy.
Department of Urology, Ospedale Civile di Guastalla, Urological Residency School Network, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, Guastalla, Italy.
Department of Urology, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
Department of Urology, Ospedale Maggiore, Urological Residency School Network, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, Parma, Italy.
Department of Urology, Ospedale di Vaio, Urological Residency School Network, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, Fidenza, Italy.
Department of Urology, Policlinico San Pietro, Ponte San Pietro, Italy.
Department of Urology, Ospedale Mater Salutis, Legnago, Italy.
Department of Urology, Ospedale SS. Annunziata, Chieti, Italy.
Department of Urology, IRCCS Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy.
Department of Urology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
Department of Urology, Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova, Urological Residency School Network, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
Department of Urology, ASST Valle Olona, Urological Residency School Network, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, Busto Arsizio, Varese, Italy.

Abstract

No abstract available.

J Pediatr Urol. 2021 Feb;17(1):80. doi: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2020.10.036. Epub 2020 Dec 10.PMID: 33386228 No abstract available.

Wang B, Xiaoyu J, Yu X, Cui Z, Zhao M.
Renal Division, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.
Institute of Nephrology, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China, Beijing, China.
Key Laboratory of CKD Prevention and Treatment, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing, China.
Research Units of Diagnosis and Treatment of Immune-mediated Kidney Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China.

Donaldson JF, McClinton S.
Academic Urology Unit, University of Aberdeen.
2Department of Urology, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, UK.

Abdelbary AM, Al-Dessoukey AA, Moussa AS, Elmarakbi AA, Ragheb AM, Sayed O, Elbatanouny AM, Latif AAE, Lofty AM, Mohamed AG, Salah S, Ibrahim RM.
Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-seuf, 62511, Egypt.
Department of Urology, Beni-Suef Insurance Hospital, Beni-seuf, Egypt.
Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-seuf, 62511, Egypt.

Metzler I, Holt SK, Harper JD.
Department of Urology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA.

Goonewardena S, Jayarajah U, Kuruppu SN, Fernando MH.
Department of Urology, National Hospital of Sri Lanka, Colombo, Sri Lanka.

Pan J, Liang E, Cai Q, Zhang D, Wang J, Feng Y, Yang X, Yang Y, Tian W, Quan C, Han R, Niu Y, Chen Y, Xin Z.
Male Reproductive and Sexual Medicine, Department of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine, Tianjin Urology Institute, Tianjin, China.
Department of Urology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
Andrology Center, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China.

Veser J, Jahrreiss V, Seitz C.
Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Austria.

Shendy WS, Elsoghier OM, El Semary MM, Ahmed AA, Ali AF, Saber-Khalaf M.
Faculty of physical therapy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
Department of Urology, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt.
Faculty of physical therapy, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt.
Urology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt.

Michel KF, Patel HD, Ziemba JB.
Division of Urology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3 West Perelman Center for Advanced Medicine, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Department of Urology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA.
Division of Urology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3 West Perelman Center for Advanced Medicine, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Wang Z, Feng D, Wei W.
Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.

Romeu G, Marzullo-Zucchet LJ, Díaz J, Villarroya S, Budía A, Ordaz DG, Caballer V, Vivas D.
Urology Department, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain. Urology Department, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain.
Centro de Investigación en Economía y Gestión de la Salud (CIEGS), Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain.

Iremashvili V, Li S, Dresner SL, Best SL, Hedican SP, Nakada SY.
Faculty of Medicine, Minia Urology and Nephrology University Hospital, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.
Nile SWL Center, Minia, Egypt.
Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.

Huang YP, Liu W, Liu YD, Zhang M, Xu SR, Lu MJ.
Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Andrology, Shanghai, China.

Iremashvili V, Li S, Dresner SL, Best SL, Hedican SP, Nakada SY.
Department of Urology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin Medical Foundation Centennial Building, 1685 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
Department of Urology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin Medical Foundation Centennial Building, 1685 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.

Lee YC, Hsieh TJ, Tang FH, Jhan JH, Lin KL, Juan YS, Wang HS, Long CY.
Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.

Scroppo FI, Pezzoni F, Gaeta F, Pastore LA, Malfatto M, Cai T, Capogrosso P, Dehò F, Zucchi A.
Department of Urology and Andrology, Ospedale di Circolo and Macchi Foundation, Varese, Italy.
Centro Medico Unisalus, Milano, Italy.
Surgery Department, Urology and Andrology Unit; Military Hospital of Milan, Milano, Italy.
"La Sapienza" University of Rome; Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine; Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies; Urology Univ, Latina, Italy.
University of Insubria, Varese, Italy.
Department of Urology, Santa Chiara Regional Hospital, Trento, Italy.
Department of Translationals Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.

Yazici CM, Siddikoglu D, Cinar O, Ozman O, Basatac C, Akgul M, Sancak EB, Onal B, Akpinar H.
Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Namık Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey.
Department of Statistics, School of Medicine, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Turkey.
Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey.
Clinic of Urology, Gaziosmanpasa Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
Department of Urology, Gayrettepe Florence Nightingale Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Turkey.
Department of Urology, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.

Falahatkar S, Beigzadeh M, Mokhtari G, Esmaeili S, Kazemnezhad E, Amin A, Herfeh NR, Falahatkar R.
Urology Research Center, Razi Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.

Xu ZH, Zhou S, Jia CP, Lv JL.
Department of Urology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211100, China.
Department of Urology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211100, China.
Department of Urology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211100, China.
Department of Urology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211100, China.

Ketsuwan C, Leenanupunth C, Phengsalae Y, Sangkum P, Kongchareonsombat W, Kaewjai N, Timjapoe P.
Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.

Tuncer M, Kafkaslı A, Can U, Çoşkun A, Eryıldırım B, Sarica K.
Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Training and Research Hospital Urology Clinic, Cevizli mevkii, Cevizli mah. Şemsi Denizer cad. D 100, Kartal, 34890, Istanbul, Turkey.
2Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Training and Research Hospital Urology Clinic, Cevizli mevkii, Cevizli mah. Şemsi Denizer cad. D 100, Kartal, 34890, Istanbul, Turkey.
3Department of Urology, Biruni University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.

Grande G, Cocca S, Bertani H, Caruso A, Pigo' F, Mangiafico S, Russo S, Lupo M, Masciangelo G, Cantu' P, Manta R, Conigliaro R.
Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, Modena 41126, Italy.
Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, Modena 41126, Italy.
Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico and Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano 20122, Italy.
Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Unit, General Hospital of Perugia, Perugia 06129, Italy.

Yee CH, Wong HF, Tam MHM, Yuen SKK, Chan HC, Cheung MH, Yu ATO, Chiu Y, Chan NH, Leung LH, Ng ATL, Law DMC, Ng TL, Teoh JYC, Chiu PKF, Ng CF.
SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong.
Department of Surgery, Alice Ho Miu Ling Nethersole Hospital, Hong Kong.
Department of Surgery, North District Hospital, Hong Kong.
Department of Surgery, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong.
Department of Surgery, Tseung Kwan O Hospital, Hong Kong.
Department of Surgery, Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong.
Department of Surgery, Pok Oi Hospital, Hong Kong.
Department of Surgery, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong.
Department of Surgery, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong.
Department of Surgery, Kwong Wah Hospital, Hong Kong.
Department of Surgery, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong.
Department of Surgery, Tung Wah Hospital, Hong Kong.
Department of Surgery, Caritas Medical Centre, Hong Kong.
Department of Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong.

Xu ZH, Zhou S, Lv JL, Wang H.
Department of Urology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211100, China.
Department of Urology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211100, China.
Department of Urology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211100, China.
Department of Urology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211100, China.

Sliwinska WL, Kade G, Niemczyk S.
Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Dialysis, Military Institute of Medicine. Warsaw, Poland.
Independent Public Healthcare Center of the Ministry of Interior and Administration with the Warmia and Mazury Oncology Center in Olsztyn, Poland.

Ullah S, Muhammad SR, Farooque R, Farooque U, Farukhuddin F, Bin Zafar MD, Khadke C, Usman A, Perez J, Shehata MA.
Urology, Muhammad Medical College, Mirpur Khas, PAK.
Internal Medicine, Sindh Medical College, Karachi, PAK.
Neurology, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, PAK.
Neurology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, USA.
Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Civil Hospital Karachi, Karachi, PAK.
Internal Medicine, Rural Medical College (Pravara Institute of Medical Sciences) Pravara Rural Hospital, Loni, IND.
General Surgery, Nishtar Medical University and Hospital, Multan, PAK.
Internal Medicine, Abrazo Community Health Network, Phoenix, USA.
Medicine and Surgery, Alexandria Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria, EGY.

Li M, Sankin G, Vu T, Yao J, Zhong P.
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA.
Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA.

Parmar K, Manoharan V, Kumar S, Ranjan KR, Chandna A, Chaudhary K.
Department of Urology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India.

Lei Q, Wang D, Liu C, Ji Z, Yan S.
Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China.

Adeldaeim HM, Abouyoussif T, Gebaly OE, Assem A, Wahab MMA, Rashad H, Sakr M, Zahran AR.
Department of Urology, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
Department of Urology, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
Family and Community Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.

Guler Y, Erbin A.
Department of Urology, Private Safa Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
Department of Urology, Haseki Traning and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.

Ito K, Takahashi T, Kanno T, Okada T, Higashi Y, Yamada H.
Department of Urology, Ijinkai Takeda General Hospital, Kyoto, Japan.

Arrabal-Polo MA, Domínguez-Amillo A, Canales-Casco N, de la Torre-Trillo J, Morales Martínez A, Cano-García MC, Rodríguez-Herrera JJ, Hernández-Serrano M, Arrabal-Martín M.
Servicio de Urología. Hospital Campus de la Salud. Granada. España.

Ozer C, Tekin MI. 
Department of Urology, Baskent University, Adana.

Wang Z, Chen G, Wang J, Wei W.
Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.

Cam S, Baba D, Senoğlu Y, Yuksel A, Erdem H.
Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Turkey.
Department of Urology, Duzce University, Turkey.
Department of Pathology, Ordu University, Turkey.

Abstract

Background and objective: Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) for common bile duct (CBD) stones has been used in the past, but experience is limited. We report our experience of ESWL in the management of difficult CBD stones.

Methods: Patients with difficult-to-retrieve CBD stones were enrolled and underwent ESWL. Fluoroscopy is used to target the stones after injection of contrast via nasobiliary drain. CBD clearance was the main outcome of the study.

Results: Eighty-three patients were included (mean age 50.5 ± 14.5 years); these patients were mainly females (43; 51.8%). Large stones >15 mm were noted in 64 (77.1%), CBD stricture in 22 (26.5%) and incarcerated stone in 8 (9.6%) patients. Patients needed 2.1 ± 1.2 sessions of lithotripsy and 4266 ± 1881 shock waves per session. In 75 (90.3%) patients, the fragments were extracted endoscopically after ESWL, while spontaneous passage was observed in 8 (9.6%). Total CBD clearance was achieved in 67 (80.6%) patients, partial clearance in 5 (6%) and no response in 11 (13.2%). Failure of the treatment was observed in large stone with size ≥2 cm (P = 0.021), incarcerated stone (P = 0.020) and pre-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography cholangitis (P = 0.047).

Conclusion: ESWL is a noninvasive, safe and effective therapeutic alternative to electrohydraulic lithotripsy and surgical exploration for difficult biliary stones.
J Transl Int Med. 2020 Sep 25;8(3):159-164. doi: 10.2478/jtim-2020-0025. eCollection 2020 Sep. PMID: 33062592. FREE ARTICLE

Danilovic A, Torricelli F, Marchini GS, Batagello C, Vicentini FC, Traxer O, Srougi M, Nahas WC, Mazzucchi E.
Department of Urology, Hospital das Clinicas, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Sorbonne Université, GRC n 20 Lithiase Renale, AP-HP, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France.

Klomjit N, Lerman A, Lerman LO.
From the Division of Nephrology and Hypertension (N.K., L.O.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
Department of Cardiovascular Disease (A.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.

Karsiyakali N, Erkan E, Yucetas U, Koseoglu H, Ates HA, Kadihasanoglu M, Toktas MG.
Department of Urology. University of Health Sciences. Istanbul Training and Research Hospital. Istanbul. Turkey.
Department of Urology. Gebze Fatih State Hospital. Kocaeli. Turkey.

Chang TH, Lin WR, Tsai WK, Chiang PK, Chen M, Tseng JS, Chiu AW.
Department of Urology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, No. 92, Sec. 2, Zhongshan N. Rd., Taipei City, 10449, Taiwan.
2Department of Urology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, No. 92, Sec. 2, Zhongshan N. Rd., Taipei City, 10449, Taiwan.
3Mackay Medical College, No.46, Sec. 3, Zhongzheng Rd., Sanzhi Dist., New Taipei City, 252, Taiwan.
Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Beitou District, Nursing, and Management, No.92, Shengjing Road, Taipei City, 11272, Taiwan.
Department of Urology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, No. 92, Sec. 2, Zhongshan N. Rd., Taipei City, 10449, Taiwan.
School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, No.145, Zhengzhou Rd., Datong Dist., Taipei City, 10341, Taiwan.

Ito K, Takahashi T, Kanno T, Okada T, Higashi Y, Yamada H.
Department of Urology, Ijinkai Takeda General Hospital, Ishida Fushimi-ku, Kyoto, Japan.
Department of Urology, Ijinkai Takeda General Hospital, Ishida Fushimi-ku, Kyoto, Japan.

Patel S, Gómez V.
Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida.

Seitz C, Türk C, Neisius A.
Universitätsklinik für Urologie, Medizinische Universität Wien, Allgemeines Krankenhaus der Stadt Wien, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Wien, Österreich.
Urologische Praxis mit Steinzentrum Wien, Urologische Abteilung, Barmherzige Schwestern Krankenhaus Wien, Wien, Österreich.
Abteilung für Urologie und Kinderurologie, Krankenhaus der Barmherzigen Brüder, Trier, Deutschland.

Jagtap N, Tandan M, Reddy DN.
Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, India.

Jiang P, Xie L, Arada R, Patel RM, Landman J, Clayman RV.
Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine.

Yuan C, Jian Z, Jin X, Ma YC, Li H, Wang KJ.
Department of Urology, Institute of Urology (Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.

Azal Neto W, Reis LO, Pedro RN.
Department of Urology, State University of Campinas, Unicamp, Campinas, Brazil.
Department of UroScience, Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas, PUC-Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.

Di Franco CA, Burrello M, Guzzardi F, Intagliata E, Oxenius I, Galvagno L, Cordaro C.
Department of Urology, S. Elia Emergency Hospital, Caltanissetta.

Seker KG, Arikan Y, Cetin Seker Y, Ozlu DN, Evren I.
Urology, Bakirkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, TUR.
Emergency Medicine, Muş State Hospital, Muş, TUR.
Urology, Bakirkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, TUR.

Popov SV, Orlov IN, Asfandiyarov FR, Skryabin ON, Suleymanov MM, Sytnik DA.
Department of Urology of FGBOU VO North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov, GBUZ Public Hospital of Saint Luca, Saint Petersburg, Russia.
2Astrakhan State Medicine University, Astrakhan, Russia.

Lai S, Jiao B, Diao T, Seery S, Hu M, Wang M, Hou H, Wang J, Zhang G, Liu M.
Department of Urology, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, 100730, China; National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, 100730, China; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China; Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.
Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China; Department of Urology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China.
Department of Urology, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, 100730, China; National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, 100730, China; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China; Peking University Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, China.
School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
Department of Urology, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, 100730, China; National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, 100730, China; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.
Department of Urology, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, 100730, China; National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, 100730, China; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China; Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.
Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China; Department of Urology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China.
Department of Urology, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, 100730, China; National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, 100730, China; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China; Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.

Abstract

Background: The aims of this study were to determine the predictive value of decision support analysis for the shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) success rate and to analyze the data obtained from patients who underwent SWL to assess the factors influencing the outcome by using machine learning methods.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 358 patients who underwent SWL for urinary stone (kidney and upper-ureter stone) between 2015 and 2018 and evaluated the possible prognostic features, including patient population characteristics, urinary stone characteristics on a non-contrast, computed tomographic image. We performed 80% training set and 20% test set for the predictions of success and mainly used decision tree-based machine learning algorithms, such as random forest (RF), extreme gradient boosting trees (XGBoost), and light gradient boosting method (LightGBM).

Results: In machine learning analysis, the prediction accuracies for stone-free were 86.0, 87.5, and 87.9%, and those for one-session success were 78.0, 77.4, and 77.0% using RF, XGBoost, and LightGBM, respectively. In predictions for stone-free, LightGBM yielded the best accuracy and RF yielded the best one in those for one-session success among those methods. The sensitivity and specificity values for machine learning analytics are (0.74 to 0.78 and 0.92 to 0.93) for stone-free and (0.79 to 0.81 and 0.74 to 0.75) for one-session success, respectively. The area under curve (AUC) values for machine learning analytics are (0.84 to 0.85) for stone-free and (0.77 to 0.78) for one-session success and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) are (0.730 to 0.933) and (0.673 to 0.866) in average of methods, respectively.

Conclusions: We applied a selected machine learning analysis to predict the result after treatment of SWL for urinary stone. About 88% accurate machine learning based predictive model was evaluated. The importance of machine learning algorithm can give matched insights to domain knowledge on effective and influential factors for SWL success outcomes.
BMC Urol. 2020 Jul 3;20(1):88. doi: 10.1186/s12894-020-00662-x. PMID: 32620102. FREE ARTICLE

Saraogi M, Geraghty RM, Hameed B, Rob S, Pietropaolo A, Sarica K, Gozen A, Liatsikos E, Somani BK.
Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Southampton, United Kindom.
Department of Urology, University hospital Newcastle, United Kindom.
Department of Urology, Kasturba Medical College Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Karnataka, India.
Department of Urology, University Hospital Southampton NHS Trust, United Kindom.
Department of Urology, Biruni University Medical School, Istanbul, Turkey.
Department of Urology, Klinikum Heilbronn, Heilbronn, Germany.
Department of Urology, University of Patras, Patras, Greece.
Department of Urology, University Hospital Southampton NHS Trust, United Kindom.

Raheem OA, Natale C, Dick B, Reddy AG, Yousif A, Khera M, Baum N.
Tulane University School of Medicine, Department of Urology, New Orleans, LA, USA.
Tulane University School of Medicine, Department of Urology, New Orleans, LA, USA.
Scott Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.

Gadelkareem RA, Abdelsalam YM, Ibraheim MA, Reda A, Sayed MA, El-Azab AS.J.
Assiut Urology and Nephrology Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
Department of Urology, Armed Forces Medical Complex, Cairo, Egypt.

Peng L, Wen J, Zhong W, Zeng G.
Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Kangda Road 1, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510230, China.
Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, Kangda Road 1, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510230, China.
Guangzhou Institute of Urology, Kangda Road 1, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510230, China.
Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Kangda Road 1, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510230, China.
Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, Kangda Road 1, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510230, China.
Guangzhou Institute of Urology, Kangda Road 1, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510230, China.
Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Kangda Road 1, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510230, China.
Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, Kangda Road 1, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510230, China.
Guangzhou Institute of Urology, Kangda Road 1, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510230, China. 

Soliman MG, Gameel T, El-Tatawy H, El-Abd AS.
Urology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
Urology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.

Palmieri A, Arcaniolo D, Palumbo F, Verze P, Liguori G, Mondaini N, Falcone M, Scroppo FI, Salonia A, Cai T.
Department of Urology, University Federico II, Naples, Italy.
Department of Urology, University Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy.
San Giacomo Hospital, Monopoli, Bari, Italy.
Department of Urology, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.
Urology Unit, Nuovo San Giovanni di Dio Hospital, Florence, Italy.
Department of Urology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
Urology Unit, Ospedale di Circolo di Varese, Varese, Italy.
Department of Urology, University Vita e Salute, San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
Department of Urology, Santa Chiara Regional Hospital, Trento, Italy.

Vinay J, Moreno D, Rajmil O, Ruiz-Castañe E, Sanchez-Curbelo J.
Andrology Department, Fundació Puigvert/Universidad Autònoma de Barcelona, Carrer de Cartagena, 340-350, 08025, Barcelona, Spain.
Urology Department, University of Chile Clinical Hospital, Santiago, Chile.
Andrology Unit, Shady Grove Fertility, Santiago, Chile.
Andrology Department, Fundació Puigvert/Universidad Autònoma de Barcelona, Carrer de Cartagena, 340-350, 08025, Barcelona, Spain.

Wang T, Xia Q, Chen X, Jin X.
Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.

Jaben IL, Cote GA, Forster E, Moran RA, Broussard KA, Scott N, Cotton PB, Keane T, Elmunzer BJ.
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina.
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina.
Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina.
NextMed Management Services, Tucson, Arizona.
Department of Urology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina.
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina.

Manzoor H, Saikali SW.
Mayo Hospital Lahore
Clemenceau Medical Center

Grivas N, Thomas K, Drake T, Donaldson J, Neisius A, Petřík A, Ruhayel Y, Seitz C, Türk C, Skolarikos A.
Department of Urology, G.Hatzikosta General Hospital, Ioannina, Greece; Department of Urology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Department of Urology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, The Stone Unit, London, UK.
Department of Urology, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK.
Department of Urology, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK.
Department of Urology, Hospital of the Brothers of Mercy Trier, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Trier, Germany.
Department of Urology, Region Hospital, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic; Dept. of Urology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
Department of Urology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden.
Department of Urology, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Department of Urology, Hospital of the Sisters of Charity, Vienna, Austria; Urologische Praxis Mit Steinzentrum, Vienna, Austria.
Second Department of Urology, Sismanoglio Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.

van Huijgevoort NCM, Veld JV, Fockens P, Besselink MG, Boermeester MA, Arvanitakis M, van Hooft JE.
Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Department of Surgery, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasme University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.

Randad A, Ghanem MA, Bailey MR, Maxwell AD.
Center for Industrial and Medical Ultrasound, Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Washington, 1606 San Juan Road, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA.

Kalatharan V, Jandoc R, Grewal G, Nash DM, Welk B, Sarma S, Pei Y, Garg AX.
Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
ICES, London, ON, Canada.
Division of Nephrology, University Health Network and University of Toronto, ON, Canada.
Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada.

Cassell A 3rd, Jalloh M, Ndoye M, Mbodji M, Gaye O, Thiam NM, Diallo A, Labou I, Niang L, Gueye S.
Department of Urology and Andrology, Hospital General De Grand Yoff, Dakar, Senegal.
2Department of Surgery, Liberia College of Physicians and Surgeons, Monrovia, Liberia.

Golan R, Cooper KL, Shah O.
Department of Urology, Columbia University Medical Center-NewYork-Presbyterian New York, NY.

Browne C, Redmond E, Kelly T, Rogers E, O'Malley P, Nusrat N, Jaffry S, Durkan G, Walsh K, Dowling C, D'Arcy FT.
Department of Urology, University College Hospital Galway, Newcastle Road, Galway, Ireland.
Department of Urology, University College Hospital Galway, Newcastle Road, Galway, Ireland.

Türer ÖB, Soyer T, Parlak E, Özcan HN, Bilen CY, Tanyel FC. Turk J.
Departments of Pediatric Surgery, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
Departments of Gastroenterology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
Departments of Radiology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
Departments of Urology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.

Abstract

Background: Over the last 30 years, the incidence of pediatric urolithiasis (PU) has been increasing and the surgical management has evolved toward a minimally invasive approach (MIA). We reported the experience of two Centers of Pediatric Surgery in the management of PU, focusing on MIA as first choice in treatment.

Methods: Data were retrospectively analyzed from October 2009 to October 2019 in children with urolithiasis who were admitted to two referral Italian Centers of Pediatric Surgery. Demographic and clinical data of the patients, features of the urolithiasis, type of surgery were considered.

Results: Seventy patients (7.3 ± 5.0 years) with normal renal function were treated for calculi in the pyelocaliceal system (45.7%), ureter (34.3%), bladder (4.3%), urethra (1.4%), and multiple locations (14.3%). Size of calculi was >10 mm in 55.7% of cases (kidney>bladder/urethra>multiple>ureter, p = 0.01). Symptoms were present in 75.7% of patients. Family history was positive in 16.9% of cases. MIA was performed in 59 patients (84.3%): 11.8% shockwave lithotripsy (kidney>ureter>multiple); 32.2% ureteral retrograde surgery (ureteral>other localizations); 30.5% retrograde intrarenal surgery (kidney>other localizations); and 25.4% other procedures including percutaneous nephrolithotomy, cystoscopic bladder stone removal or laser cystolithotripsy (kidney>bladder>multiple). Preoperative stenting was necessary in 52.8% of cases. Four MIA procedures (6.9%, kidney>ureter/multiple) were converted to open surgery. Open surgery was required as first approach in 15.7% of patients (kidney>ureter>multiple) who needed urgent surgery or had associated congenital renal anomalies. In 18/70 of children (25.7%), with prevalence of stones in kidney and multiple location (p < 0.01), a second procedure completed the treatment (88.8% MIA). Intraoperative difficulties were recorded in 8.5% of cases, without difference between location and size of calculi. Late complications (5.7%) were related to displacement and infection of the ureteral stent.

Conclusions: MIA resulted to be feasible in more than 75% of primary surgery and in more than 85% of cases requiring a second procedure. Preoperative stent was mandatory in more than 50% of children. The technological evolution allowed to overcome many of the technical difficulties related to the approach to the papilla and lower calyxes. Open surgery is reserved for selected cases and endoscopic surgery represents the best choice of treatment for PU.
Front Pediatr. 2020 Jul 24;8:377. doi: 10.3389/fped.2020.00377. eCollection 2020. PMID: 32793523. FREE ARTICLE

Ang AJS, Sharma AA, Sharma A.
Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore, Singapore.
Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA.
Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

Chen JX, Wang CY.
Department of Urology, Jiangshan People's Hospital/Jiangshan Branch of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital of Zhejiang University, Jiangshan 324100, China.

Larrazabal RJB, Chiu HHC, Sandoval MAS.
Department of Medicine, Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, National Capital Region, Philippines.
Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, National Capital Region, Philippines.
Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, National Capital Region, Philippines.

Yoshioka T, Omae K, Kawada T, Inoue Y, Sugimoto M, Oeda T, Uehara S, Araki M, Fukuhara S.
1Center for Innovative Research for Communities and Clinical Excellence (CiRC2LE), Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan.
2Department of Healthcare Epidemiology, Kyoto University School of Public Health in the Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
3Department of Innovative Research and Education for Clinicians and Trainees (DiRECT), Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan.
4Department of Urology, Onomichi Municipal Hospital, Hiroshima 722-8503, Japan.
5Department of Urology, Hiroshima City Hiroshima Citizens Hospital, Hiroshima 730-8519, Japan.
6Department of Urology, Kawasaki Medical School General Medical Center, Okayama 700-8505, Japan.
7Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.

Prosyannikov MY, Zolotuhin OV, Madykin YY, Konstantinova OV, Voytko DA, Anokhin NV, Sivkov AV.
Department of urolithiasis of N.A. Lopatkin Scientific Research Institute of Urology and Interventional Radiology Branch of the National Medical Research Centre of Radiology of the Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
Voronezh regional hospital 1, chief urologist of the Voronezh region, Voronezh, Russia.
VGMU of. N. N. Burdenko, Voronezh, Russia.

Gul A, Gul M.
Department of Urology, University of Health Science, Bursa Yuksek Ihtisas Training and Research Hospital, 16100, Bursa, Turkey.
Department of Urology, Aksaray University School of Medicine, 68100, Aksaray, Turkey.
Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Section 5701, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Kırlı EA, Türegün FA, Selçuk B, Gültekin MH, Tansu N, Erözenci A, Önal B.
Does Previous Open Stone Surgery Affect the Outcome of Shock Wave Lithotripsy Treatment in Children?

Friedlander DF, Brant A, McClure TD, Del Pizzo J, Nowels MA, Trinh QD, Sedrakyan A, Chughtai B.
Brigham and Women's Hospital, Division of Urological Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Center for Surgery and Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA.
Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA.

Grabsky AM, Minasyan GM, Khachatryan YA, Martirosyan SA, Toqmajyan MG, Tadevosyan GG, Shadyan GG, Qocharyan AA, Shindyan IM.
Urological Clinic of Izmirlian Medical Center, Yerevan, Armenia.

Belmir H, Azghari A, Sedki N.J.
Department of Vascular Surgery, Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences, Casablanca, Morocco.
Department of Vascular Surgery, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco.
Department of Vascular Surgery, Cheikh Zaid Hospital, Rabat, Morocco.

Zhao FZ, Li J, Tang L, Li CM, Zhang Y, Wang WY, Chen N, Tian Y.J .
Department of Urology, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100050, PR China.

Sonmez G, Demir F, Keske M, Karadag MA, Demirtaş A.J.
Department of Urology, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
Department of Urology, Kayseri City Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey.

Yang B, Veneziano D, Somani BK.
Royal Hampshire Hospital, Winchester, UK.
Department of Urology and Kidney Transplant, GOM, Reggio Calabria, Italy.
University Hospital Southampton NHS Trust, UK.

Cui HW, Tan TK, Christiansen FE, Osther PJS, Turney BW.
Oxford Stone Group, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK.
Department of Urology, Urological Research Center, Lillebaelt Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Vejle, Denmark.
Oxford Stone Group, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

Harper JD, Metzler I, Hall MK, Chen TT, Maxwell AD, Cunitz BW, Dunmire B, Thiel J, Williams JC Jr, Bailey MR, Sorensen MDJ.
University of Washington, Department of Urology, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Box 356510, Seattle, Washington, United States.
University of Washington School of Medicine, 12353, Department of Urology, Seattle, Washington, United States.
University of Washington School of Medicine, 12353, Department of Emergency Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States.
University of Washington, Urology, 1959 NE Pacific St., BB-1121, Box 356510, Seattle, Washington, United States.
Duke University Medical Center, Urology, DUMC 3167, Durham, North Carolina, United States.
University of Washington School of Medicine, 12353, Department of Urology, 1013 NE 40th St, Seattle, Washington, United States.
7University of Washington Applied Physics Lab, Center for Industrial and Medical Ultrasound, 1013 NE 40th ave, Seattle, Washington, United States.
University of Washington, Applied Physics Lab, 1013 NE 40th St, Seattle, Washington, United States.
University of Washington School of Medicine, Radiology, Seattle, Washington, United States.
Indiana Univ Sch Med, Anatomy & Cell Biology, 635 Barnhill Dr MS5035, Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States.
University of Washington, Center for Industrial and Medical Ultrasound, Applied Physics Laboratory, 1013 NE 40th St., Seattle, Washington, United States.
University of Washington, Department of Urology, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Box 356510, Seattle, Washington, United States

Liao B, Mou XX, Liu JB, Wu T, Cui S.Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue.
Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, China.

Kızılay F, Özdemir T, Turna B, Karaca N, Şimşir A, Alper I, Nazlı O.
Departments of Urology, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, İzmir, Turkey.
Departments of Anaesthesiology, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, İzmir, Turkey.

Abstract

Technological advances in minimally invasive treatment of stone disease and its integration with concomitant clinical practice are amongst the most important achievements in urology. Despite the wealth of information accumulated over the years and the richness of existing literature, the knowledge about the definition, treatment and outcomes of residual stone fragments after percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) is still insufficient. Due to the high stone load a lot of patients with staghorn stones have residual fragments (RFs) after treatment with PNL, which depends on the size of tract, definition of stone free rate (SFR), timing of evaluation and the imaging used. No consensus exists on the imaging modality or their timing in the evaluation of possible RFs. The treatment of residual stones is apparently different depending on the facilities of the department and the preference of the surgeon, which includes active surveillance, shock wave lithotripsy (SWL), retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) or a second look PNL.
Asian J Urol. 2020 Apr;7(2):116-121. doi: 10.1016/j.ajur.2019.12.013. Epub 2019 Dec 31. PMID: 32257804. FREE ARTICLE

Aditya I, Kwong JCC, Krakowsky Y, Grober ED.
Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Women's College Hospital & Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.