Hans-Göran Tiselius

Vinay J, Moreno D, Rajmil O, Ruiz-Castañe E, Sanchez-Curbelo J.
Andrology Department, Fundació Puigvert/Universidad Autònoma de Barcelona, Carrer de Cartagena, 340-350, 08025, Barcelona, Spain.
Urology Department, University of Chile Clinical Hospital, Santiago, Chile.
Andrology Unit, Shady Grove Fertility, Santiago, Chile.
Andrology Department, Fundació Puigvert/Universidad Autònoma de Barcelona, Carrer de Cartagena, 340-350, 08025, Barcelona, Spain.

Jaben IL, Cote GA, Forster E, Moran RA, Broussard KA, Scott N, Cotton PB, Keane T, Elmunzer BJ.
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina.
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina.
Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina.
NextMed Management Services, Tucson, Arizona.
Department of Urology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina.
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina.

Grivas N, Thomas K, Drake T, Donaldson J, Neisius A, Petřík A, Ruhayel Y, Seitz C, Türk C, Skolarikos A.
Department of Urology, G.Hatzikosta General Hospital, Ioannina, Greece; Department of Urology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Department of Urology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, The Stone Unit, London, UK.
Department of Urology, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK.
Department of Urology, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK.
Department of Urology, Hospital of the Brothers of Mercy Trier, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Trier, Germany.
Department of Urology, Region Hospital, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic; Dept. of Urology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
Department of Urology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden.
Department of Urology, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Department of Urology, Hospital of the Sisters of Charity, Vienna, Austria; Urologische Praxis Mit Steinzentrum, Vienna, Austria.
Second Department of Urology, Sismanoglio Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.

Randad A, Ghanem MA, Bailey MR, Maxwell AD.
Center for Industrial and Medical Ultrasound, Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Washington, 1606 San Juan Road, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA.

Cassell A 3rd, Jalloh M, Ndoye M, Mbodji M, Gaye O, Thiam NM, Diallo A, Labou I, Niang L, Gueye S.
Department of Urology and Andrology, Hospital General De Grand Yoff, Dakar, Senegal.
2Department of Surgery, Liberia College of Physicians and Surgeons, Monrovia, Liberia.

Browne C, Redmond E, Kelly T, Rogers E, O'Malley P, Nusrat N, Jaffry S, Durkan G, Walsh K, Dowling C, D'Arcy FT.
Department of Urology, University College Hospital Galway, Newcastle Road, Galway, Ireland.
Department of Urology, University College Hospital Galway, Newcastle Road, Galway, Ireland.

Abstract

Background: Over the last 30 years, the incidence of pediatric urolithiasis (PU) has been increasing and the surgical management has evolved toward a minimally invasive approach (MIA). We reported the experience of two Centers of Pediatric Surgery in the management of PU, focusing on MIA as first choice in treatment.

Methods: Data were retrospectively analyzed from October 2009 to October 2019 in children with urolithiasis who were admitted to two referral Italian Centers of Pediatric Surgery. Demographic and clinical data of the patients, features of the urolithiasis, type of surgery were considered.

Results: Seventy patients (7.3 ± 5.0 years) with normal renal function were treated for calculi in the pyelocaliceal system (45.7%), ureter (34.3%), bladder (4.3%), urethra (1.4%), and multiple locations (14.3%). Size of calculi was >10 mm in 55.7% of cases (kidney>bladder/urethra>multiple>ureter, p = 0.01). Symptoms were present in 75.7% of patients. Family history was positive in 16.9% of cases. MIA was performed in 59 patients (84.3%): 11.8% shockwave lithotripsy (kidney>ureter>multiple); 32.2% ureteral retrograde surgery (ureteral>other localizations); 30.5% retrograde intrarenal surgery (kidney>other localizations); and 25.4% other procedures including percutaneous nephrolithotomy, cystoscopic bladder stone removal or laser cystolithotripsy (kidney>bladder>multiple). Preoperative stenting was necessary in 52.8% of cases. Four MIA procedures (6.9%, kidney>ureter/multiple) were converted to open surgery. Open surgery was required as first approach in 15.7% of patients (kidney>ureter>multiple) who needed urgent surgery or had associated congenital renal anomalies. In 18/70 of children (25.7%), with prevalence of stones in kidney and multiple location (p < 0.01), a second procedure completed the treatment (88.8% MIA). Intraoperative difficulties were recorded in 8.5% of cases, without difference between location and size of calculi. Late complications (5.7%) were related to displacement and infection of the ureteral stent.

Conclusions: MIA resulted to be feasible in more than 75% of primary surgery and in more than 85% of cases requiring a second procedure. Preoperative stent was mandatory in more than 50% of children. The technological evolution allowed to overcome many of the technical difficulties related to the approach to the papilla and lower calyxes. Open surgery is reserved for selected cases and endoscopic surgery represents the best choice of treatment for PU.
Front Pediatr. 2020 Jul 24;8:377. doi: 10.3389/fped.2020.00377. eCollection 2020. PMID: 32793523. FREE ARTICLE

Chen JX, Wang CY.
Department of Urology, Jiangshan People's Hospital/Jiangshan Branch of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital of Zhejiang University, Jiangshan 324100, China.

Yoshioka T, Omae K, Kawada T, Inoue Y, Sugimoto M, Oeda T, Uehara S, Araki M, Fukuhara S.
1Center for Innovative Research for Communities and Clinical Excellence (CiRC2LE), Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan.
2Department of Healthcare Epidemiology, Kyoto University School of Public Health in the Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
3Department of Innovative Research and Education for Clinicians and Trainees (DiRECT), Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan.
4Department of Urology, Onomichi Municipal Hospital, Hiroshima 722-8503, Japan.
5Department of Urology, Hiroshima City Hiroshima Citizens Hospital, Hiroshima 730-8519, Japan.
6Department of Urology, Kawasaki Medical School General Medical Center, Okayama 700-8505, Japan.
7Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.

Kırlı EA, Türegün FA, Selçuk B, Gültekin MH, Tansu N, Erözenci A, Önal B.
Does Previous Open Stone Surgery Affect the Outcome of Shock Wave Lithotripsy Treatment in Children?

Grabsky AM, Minasyan GM, Khachatryan YA, Martirosyan SA, Toqmajyan MG, Tadevosyan GG, Shadyan GG, Qocharyan AA, Shindyan IM.
Urological Clinic of Izmirlian Medical Center, Yerevan, Armenia.

Zhao FZ, Li J, Tang L, Li CM, Zhang Y, Wang WY, Chen N, Tian Y.J .
Department of Urology, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100050, PR China.

Cui HW, Tan TK, Christiansen FE, Osther PJS, Turney BW.
Oxford Stone Group, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK.
Department of Urology, Urological Research Center, Lillebaelt Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Vejle, Denmark.
Oxford Stone Group, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

Harper JD, Metzler I, Hall MK, Chen TT, Maxwell AD, Cunitz BW, Dunmire B, Thiel J, Williams JC Jr, Bailey MR, Sorensen MDJ.
University of Washington, Department of Urology, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Box 356510, Seattle, Washington, United States.
University of Washington School of Medicine, 12353, Department of Urology, Seattle, Washington, United States.
University of Washington School of Medicine, 12353, Department of Emergency Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States.
University of Washington, Urology, 1959 NE Pacific St., BB-1121, Box 356510, Seattle, Washington, United States.
Duke University Medical Center, Urology, DUMC 3167, Durham, North Carolina, United States.
University of Washington School of Medicine, 12353, Department of Urology, 1013 NE 40th St, Seattle, Washington, United States.
7University of Washington Applied Physics Lab, Center for Industrial and Medical Ultrasound, 1013 NE 40th ave, Seattle, Washington, United States.
University of Washington, Applied Physics Lab, 1013 NE 40th St, Seattle, Washington, United States.
University of Washington School of Medicine, Radiology, Seattle, Washington, United States.
Indiana Univ Sch Med, Anatomy & Cell Biology, 635 Barnhill Dr MS5035, Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States.
University of Washington, Center for Industrial and Medical Ultrasound, Applied Physics Laboratory, 1013 NE 40th St., Seattle, Washington, United States.
University of Washington, Department of Urology, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Box 356510, Seattle, Washington, United States

Turan T, Isman FK, Efiloğlu Ö, Genc Kahraman N, Şendoğan F, Danacioğlu YO, Atis RG, Yildirim A.
Department of Urology, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Department, of Biochemistry, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Department of Urology, Istanbul Bakirkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Education Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.

Maxwell AD, MacConaghy B, Bailey MR, Sapozhnikov OA.
Department of Urology, University of Washington School of Medicine, 1959 Northeast Pacific Street, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA.
Center for Industrial and Medical Ultrasound, Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98105, USA.
Department of Acoustics, Physics Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119992, Russia.

Kartal I, Baylan B, Çakıcı MÇ, Sarı S, Selmi V, Ozdemir H, Yalçınkaya F.
Department of Urology, Dıskapı Yıldırım Beyazıt Training and Research Hospital, Health Sciences University, Ankara.

Gao X, Fang Z, Lu C, Shen R, Dong H, Sun Y.
Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.

Guler Y, Erbin A, Kafkasli A, Ozmerdiven G.
Department of Urology, Private Safa Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
Department of Urology, Haseki Traning and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
Department of Urology, Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Kartal Traning and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
Department of Urology, Istanbul Aydin University Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey.

Fathelbab TK, Hasanein MGS, Fawzy AM.
Urology Department, Minia Urology & Nephrology University Hospital, School of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.
Specialized SWL Center, Nile SWL, Minia, Egypt.
Urology Department, Minia Urology & Nephrology University Hospital, School of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.
Specialized SWL Center, Nile SWL, Minia, Egypt.

Olesen SS, Drewes AM, Gaud R, Tandan M, Lakhtakia S, Ramchandani M, Rao GV, Reddy DN, Talukdar R.
Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Centre for Pancreatic Diseases, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark. .
Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Centre for Pancreatic Diseases, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.
Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
Pancreas Research Group, Wellcome DBT Labs, Asian Healthcare Foundation, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Sampogna G, Maltagliati M, Rocco B, Micali S, Montanari E, Spinelli M.
Urology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Via della Commenda 15, 20122, Milano, MI, Italy.
Neuro-urology Unit, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Piazza dell'Ospedale Maggiore 3, 20162 Milano, MI, Italy.
Urology Unit, Ospedale Policlinico e Nuovo Ospedale Civile S. Agostino-Estense, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Pietro Giardini 1355, 41126 Baggiovara, MO, Italy.

Zhong P.
Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.

Patel VV, Mohindroo A.
Community Medical Center, Toms River, New Jersey.

Qiang YC, Guo YG, Wang YQ.
Department of Urology, Xianyang Hospital of Yan'an University.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Department of Urology, Yangling Demonstration District Hospital, Xianyang, China.

Chuang YC, Meng E, Chancellor M, Kuo HC.
Department of Urology, Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.
Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
Department of urology, Oakland University William Beaumont School of
Department of Urology, Hualien Tzu Chi General Hospital, Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Buddhist Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.

Hirsch B, Abt D, Güsewell S, Langenauer J, Betschart P, Pratsinis M, Vetterlein MW, Schmid HP, Wildermuth S, Zumstein V.
Department of Urology, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, Rorschacherstrasse 95, 9007, St. Gallen, Switzerland.
Biostatistics, Clinical Trials Unit, Rorschacherstrasse 95, 9007, St. Gallen, Switzerland.
Department of Urology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20247, Hamburg, Germany.
Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, 9007, St. Gallen, Switzerland.
Department of Urology, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, Rorschacherstrasse 95, 9007, St. Gallen, Switzerland.

Ouyang W, Sun G, Long G, Liu M, Xu H, Chen Z, Ye Z, Li H, Zhang Y.
Hubei Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.

Yang SY, Jung HD, Kwon SH, Lee EK, Lee JY, Lee SH.
School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea.
Department of Urology, Wonkwang University Sanbon Hospital, Wonkwang University College of Medicine, Gunpo, Korea.
Department of Urology, Severance Hospital, Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Department of Nursing Science, College of Nursing, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea.

Paul CJ, Gruca TS, Morrison PG, Ghareeb GM, Kim SH, Erickson BA.
University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics, Department of Urology, Iowa City, IA.
University of Iowa, Tippie College of Business, Iowa City, IA.
United Regional Physician Group, Wichita Falls, TX.
Emory University, Department of Urology, Atlanta, GA.
University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics, Department of Urology, Iowa City, IA.

McClinton S, Starr K, Thomas R, MacLennan G, Lam T, Hernandez R, Pickard R, Anson K, Clark T, MacLennan S, Thomas D, Smith D, Turney B, McDonald A, Cameron S, Wiseman O.
Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, UK.
Academic Urology Unit, University of Aberdeen, Health Sciences Building, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, UK.
Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Health Sciences Building, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, UK.
Health Economics Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Polwarth Building, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, UK.
5Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.
St George’s Hospital, London, UK.
Stone Patient Advisory Group, Section of Endourology, British Association of Urological Surgeons, London, UK.
Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.
University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Headley Way, Oxford, UK.
Addenbrooke’s NHS Trust, Hills Road, Cambridge, UK.

Nikhi P. Singh, BS, Carter J. Boyd, BS, William Poore, BS, Kyle Wood, MD, Dean G. Assimos, MD.
University of Alabama-Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL.
Department of Urology, University of Alabama-Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.

Dong L, , Wang F, Chen H, Youyi Lu Y, Zhang Y, Chen L, Cui Y.
Department of Urology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai.
Department of Urology, Qingdao Third People's Hospital, Qingdao.
Department of Urology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing.
Operating Room, The Affiliated YantaiYuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong.
Department of Urology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.

Thomas GPL, Chapelon JY, Birer A, Inserra C, Lafon C.
INSERM, LabTAU, F-69003 Lyon, France; Université Lyon 1, Univ Lyon, F-69003 Lyon, France.
INSERM, LabTAU, F-69003 Lyon, France.

Rassweiler J, Rieker P, Rassweiler-Seyfried MC.
Department of Urology, SLK Kliniken Heilbronn.
Department of Urology, Medical School Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.

Veser J, Jahrreiss V, Seitz C, Özsoy M.
Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical Vienna General Hospital, University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical Vienna General Hospital, University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
Karl Landsteiner SocietyUrology and Andrology, Vienna, Austria.

Thompson E, Lai A, Morrey L, Borofsky MS, Dahm P.
Department of Urology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Urology Section, Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Department of Urology, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

Strohmaier WL.
Regiomed-Klinikum Coburg, Regiomed Medical School Coburg, Universität Split, Ketschendorfer Str. 33, 96450, Coburg, Deutschland.

Mains EAA, Blackmur JP, Sharma AD, Gietzmann WK, El-Mokadem I, Stephenson C, Wallace S, Phipps S, Thomas BG, Tolley DA, Cutress ML.
Department of Urology, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
MRC Human Genetics Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
Department of Urology, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, United Kingdom.
Department of Urology, The Scottish Lithotriptor Centre, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.

Shafiee M, Borzoueisileh S, Rashidfar R, Dehghan M, Jaafarian Sisakht Z.
Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran.
Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran.
Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Radiology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Student Research Committee, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran.

Yoshioka T, Ikenoue T, Hashimoto H, Otsuki H, Oeda T, Ishito N, Watanabe R, Saika T, Araki M, Fukuhara S, Yamamoto Y; Okayama-Ehime S.W.L. Study Group.
Department of Healthcare Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University School of Public Health, Yoshida-Konoe-machi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto-shi, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
Center for Innovative Research for Communities and Clinical Excellence, Fukushima Medical University, 1, Hikarigaoka, Fukushima-shi, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan.
Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine/Human Health Science, 53 Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
Department of Urology, Okayama Central Hospital, 6-3, Ishima-kita-machi, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama, 700-0017, Japan.
Department of Urology, Abiko Toho Hospital, 1851-1, Abiko, Abiko-shi, Chiba-ken, 270-1166, Japan.
Department of Urology, Onomichi Municipal Hospital, 3-1170-177, Shin-Takayama, Onomichi-shi, Hiroshima, 722-8503, Japan.
Department of Urology, Kurashiki Medical Center, 250, Bakuro-cho, Kurashiki-shi, Okayama, 710-8522, Japan.
Department of Urology, Matsuyama Shimin Hospital, 2-6-5, Ohte-machi, Matsuyama-shi, Ehime, 790-0067, Japan.
Department of Urology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shizukawa, To-on-shi, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan.
Department of Urology, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.
Department of Healthcare Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University School of Public Health, Yoshida-Konoe-machi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto-shi, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.

Wang Z, Bai Y, Wang J.
Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.

Tsai SH, Chung HJ, Tseng PT, Wu YC, Tu YK, Hsu CW, Lei WT.
Department of Urology, Cheng Hsin General Hospital.
School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University.
Department of Urology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital.
WinShine Clinics in Specialty of Psychiatry.
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan.
Institute of Epidemiology & Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei.
Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung.
Division of Allergy, Immunology, Rheumatology Disease, Department of Pediatrics, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu, Taiwan.

Li W, Mao Y, Lu C, Gu Y, Gu X, Hua B, Pan W.
Department of Urology, the Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China.
Department of Urology, the Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China.

Assaly R, Giuliano F, Clement P, Laurin M, Favier M, Teo P, Bernabe J, Alexandre L, Behr-Roussel D.
Pelvipharm, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France; UMR1179, Université Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France.
Pelvipharm, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France; UMR1179, Université Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France; AP-HP, Neuro-Uro-Andrology, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Raymond Poincaré Hospital, Garches, France.
Inserm, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.
Dornier MedTech GmbH, Wessling, Germany.
Pelvipharm, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France.
Pelvipharm, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France; UMR1179, Université Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France.

Magalhães L, Nogué R.
Hospital da Luz - Arrábida, Praceta de Henrique Moreira 150, 4400-346, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal.
Universitat de Lleida, Plaça de Víctor Siurana, 1, 25003, Lleida, Spain.

He Z, Yin S, Duan X, Zeng G.
Department of Urology, Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Kangda Road 1, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510230, Guangdong, China.
Guangzhou Institute of Urology, Guangzhou, China.
Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, Guangzhou, China.
Department of Urology, Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Kangda Road 1, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510230, Guangdong, China.
Guangzhou Institute of Urology, Guangzhou, China.
Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, Guangzhou, China.

Gadelmoula M, Elderwy AA, Abdelkawi IF, Moeen AM, Althamthami G, Abdel-Moneim AM.
Department of Urology, Urology and Nephrology Hospital, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.

Constanti M, Calvert RC, Thomas K, Dickinson A, Carlisle S.
National Guideline Centre, London, UK.
Department of Urology, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, UK.
Stone Unit, Guys and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Department of Urology, University Hospitals Plymouth, Plymouth, UK. University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.

Sohu S, Soomro MH, Mangrio RH, Shaikh AA, Mirani A, Chand K, Jalbani MH.
Department of Urology, Chandka Medical College and Hospital, Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical University (SMBBMU), Larkana, Pakistan.
Pierre Louis Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health (IPLESP UMRS 1136), Saint-Antoine Medical School, Sorbonne Université and INSERM, Paris, France.
Department of Community Medicine, Al-Nafees Medical College and Hospital, Isra University-Islamabad Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Department of Urology, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan.

Katz JE, Clavijo RI, Rizk P, Ramasamy R.
Department of Urology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.
Department of Urology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
Department of Urology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.

Schlomer BJ.
University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.

Sharzehi K.
Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.

He Z, Deng T, Yin S, Xu Z, Duan H, Chen Y, Duan X, Zeng G.
Department of Urology, Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Kangda Road 1#, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510230, Guangdong, China.
Guangzhou Institute of Urology, Guangzhou, China.
Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, Guangzhou, China.
Department of Urology, Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Kangda Road 1#, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510230, Guangdong, China.
Guangzhou Institute of Urology, Guangzhou, China.
Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, Guangzhou, China.

Al-Dessoukey AA, Abdallah M, Moussa AS, Sayed O, Abdelbary AM, Abdallah R, Massoud AM, Abdelhamid MH, Elmarakbi AA, Ragheb AM, ElSheemy MS, Ghoneima W.
Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt.
Urology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.

Milišić E, Zvizdić Z, Jonuzi A, Begić E, Milišić L, Mešić A.
Clinic of Paediatric Surgery, Clinical Centre University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Sarajevo School of Science and Technology, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Department of Cardiology, General Hospital "Prim.dr. Abdulah Nakaš", Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Sarajevo School of Science and Technology, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Clinic of Radiology, Clinical Centre of the University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Clinic of Anaesthesiology, Clinical Centre of the University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Gul A, Gul M.
Department of Urology, University of Health Science, Bursa Yuksek Ihtisas Training and Research Hospital, 16100, Bursa, Turkey.
Department of Urology, Aksaray University School of Medicine, 68100, Aksaray, Turkey.
Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Section 5701, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Hashem A, Ghobrial FK, Elbaset MA, Atwa AM, Fadallah M, Laymon M, El-Assmy A, Sheir KZ, Abol-Enein H.
Department of Urology, Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.

Wei Y, Jin Z, Hu W.
Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.

Kocatürk H, Atasoy N, Bedir F, Karabulut İ, Şebin E, Sarica K.
Department of Urology, Health Sciences University, Erzurum Regional Training and Research Hospital, Palandöken, Erzurum, Turkey. 
Department of Urology, Health Sciences University, Erzurum Regional Training and Research Hospital, Palandöken, Erzurum, Turkey.
Department of Biochemistry, Health Sciences University, Erzurum Regional Training and Research Hospital, Erzurum, Turkey.
Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Biruni University, Istanbul, Turkey.

Rudenko VI, Rapoport LM, Demidko YL, Demidko LS, Inoyatov GS, Allenov SN.
Institute of Urology and Reproductive Health of FGAOU VO I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of Minzdrav of Russia, Moscow, Russia.

Rezaee ME., Tundo GN., Goodney PP., Pais VM Jr..
Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, One Medical Center Drive, Lebanon, NH.
Section of Vascular Surgery, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, One Medical Center Drive, Lebanon, NH; VA Outcomes Group, Veterans Health Association, VT; The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, One Medical Center Drive, Lebanon, NH.
Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, One Medical Center Drive, Lebanon, NH.

Brad AB., Ferro M., Vartolomei MD., Tătaru S., Anton-Păduraru DT., Simion C., Martha O., Pricop C., Porreca A., Negru I..
Clinic of Urology, Mureş County Clinical Hospital, Târgu Mureș, Romania.
University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, Târgu Mureș, Romania.
University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, Târgu Mureș, Romania.
Division of Urology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy.
"Gr.T.Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iaşi, Romania.
3rd Clinic of Pediatrics, "Sf.Maria" Children's Emergency Hospital, Iaşi, Romania.
Clinic of Urology, "Dr.C.I.Parhon" Clinical Hospital, Iaşi, Romania.
Department of Robotic Urological Surgery, Abano Terme Hospital, Abano Terme, Italy.

Al-Naemi RSM, Aldosky HYY, Shukri BSA.
College of Medicine, University of Duhok, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Duhok, Iraq.

Tandan M, Nageshwar Reddy D, Talukdar R, Vinod K, Kiran SVVS, Santosh D, Gupta R, Ramchandani M, Lakhtakia S, Rakesh K, Manohar Reddy P, Basha J, Nabi Z, Jagtap N, Rao GV.
Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, India.
Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, India.

Lamacchia GB, Korkes F, Baccaglini W, de Mello LGM, Szwarc M, Tobias-Machado M.
Discipline of Urology, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil.
Department of Urology, Hospital São Luiz Jabaquara, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

Takahashi T, Kanno T, Okada T, Higashi Y, Yamada H.
The Department of Urology, Ijinkai Takeda General Hospital.

Ferraro PM, Arrabal-Polo MÁ, Capasso G, Croppi E, Cupisti A, Ernandez T, Fuster DG, Galan JA, Grases F, Hoorn EJ, Knauf F, Letavernier E, Mohebbi N, Moochhala S, Petkova K, Pozdzik A, Sayer J, Seitz C, Strazzullo P, Trinchieri A, Vezzoli G, Vitale C, Vogt L, Unwin RJ, Bonny O, Gambaro G.
U.O.C. Nefrologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Via G. Moscati 31, 00168, Roma, Italy.Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy. Lithotripsy and Endourology Unit, Department of Urology, San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain.Division of Nephrology, Department of Cardio-thoracic and Respiratory Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.USL Toscana Centro, Florence, Italy.Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.Service of Nephrology, University hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.Urolithiasis and Endourology Unit, General University Hospital, Alicante, Spain.Laboratory of Renal Lithiasis Research, University Institute of Health Sciences Research, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus medical center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR Division of Nephrology, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland.Kidney and Urology Centre, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK.
Department of Urology and Nephrology, Military Medical Academy, Sofia, Bulgaria.
Nephrology Clinic, Hôpital Brugmann, Kidney Stones Clinic, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, NE7 7DN, Newcastle, UK.Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Central Parkway, NE1 3BZ, Newcastle, UK.NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle, NE4 5PL, UK.Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gurtel 18-20 in, 1090, Vienna, Austria. Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy. Urology Unit, Ospedale Manzoni, Lecco, Italy.Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy. Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, AO Ordine Mauriziano, Torino, Italy. Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Dept of Internal Medicine, section Nephrology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Service of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland. U.O.C. Nefrologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Via G. Moscati 31, 00168, Roma, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy.

di Mauro M, Russo GI, Della Camera PA, di Maida F, Cito G, Mondaini N, Capece M, Falcone M, Sessa F, Mari A, Campi R, Sabini C, Serni S, Gacci M, Minervini A, Carini M, Cimino S, Morelli G, Cocci A. Urology Section, Department of Surgery, University of Catania, Catania, Italy. Department of Urology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. Andrology Center, Villa Donatello Hospital, Florence, Italy. Department of Urology, University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
Department of Urology, Molinette Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy. Department of Urology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.

Guu SJ, Liu CC, Juan YS, Li CC, Tsai CC.
Department of Urology , Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University , Kaohsiung , Taiwan. Department of Urology , Pingtung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare , Pingtung , Taiwan.
Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine , College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University , Kaohsiung ,Taiwan. Department of Urology , Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital , Kaohsiung , Taiwan.

Large T, Krambeck AE.
Department of Urology, Indiana University, Methodist Hospital, 1801 Senate Boulevard, Suite 220, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.

Bayne DB, Chi TL.
Urology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.

Molina GA, Moyon MA, Moyon FX, Tufiño JF, Guzmán LJ, Mecias RA, Cevallos JM, Serrano DS.
PGY4 Resident General Surgery, P.U.C.E., Quito, Ecuador.
Department of General Surgery Hospital San Francisco, IESS Quito, Ecuador.

Park HK, Kim JH, Min GE, Choi WS, Li S, Chung KJ, Chung BI.
Department of Urology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California.
Department of Urology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Department of Urology, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Soonchunhyang University Medical College, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Department of Urology, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Department of Urology and Dermatology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California.
Department of Urology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea.

Dong L, Chang D, Zhang X, Li J, Yang F, Tan K, Yang Y, Yong S, Yu X.
Department of Andrology, The Reproductive & Women-Children Hospital, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, P.R. China.
Department of Urology and Andrology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, P.R. China.

Milisic E, Hiros M, Begic E.
Department for Pediatric Surgery, Clinic of Pediatric Surgery, University Clinical Center Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Department for Urology, Clinic of Urology, University Clinical Center Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Department of Cardiology, General Hospital "Prim. Dr. Abdulah Nakas", Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Sarajevo School of Science and Technology, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Arrabal-Polo MA, Domínguez-Amillo A, Canales-Casco N, de la Torre-Trillo J, Morales Martínez A, Cano-García MC, Rodríguez-Herrera JJ, Hernández-Serrano M, Arrabal-Martín M.
Servicio de Urología. Hospital Campus de la Salud. Granada. España.

Chen H, Chen G, Pan Y, Zhu Y, Xiong C, Chen H, Yang Z.
Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical, Chongqing, China.

Kelly C, Geraghty RM, Somani BK.
University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
Department of Urology, University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK.

Bovelander E, Weltings S, Rad M, van Kampen P, Pelger RCM, Roshani H.
Department of Urology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Anesthesiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Medical Statistics, Haga ziekenhuis, 's-Gravenhage, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.

Mazzon G, Pavan N, Chiapparrone G, De Concilio B, Trombetta C.
Institute of Urology, University College London Hospital, London, UK.
Department of Urology, Cattinara Hospital, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.
Urology Department, San Bassiano Hospital, Bassano del Grappa, Vicenza, Italy.

Glybochko PV, Alyaev YG, Rudenko VI, Rapoport LM, Grigoryan VA, Butnaru DV, Perekalina AN, Kraev IG, Korolev DO.
I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.
Research Institute of Uronephrology and Human Reproductive Health, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.
Department of Urology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.

Connor MJ, Miah S, Edison M, Brittain J, Kondjin Smith M, Hanna M, El-Husseiny T, Dasgupta R.

Daly KM, Chaker K, Rhouma SB, Chehida MAB, Ouanes Y, Sellami A, Nouira Y.
Service d'Urologie, Hôpital La Rabta, Faculté de Médecine de Tunis, Université de Tunis, El Manar, Tunisie.

Skov-Jeppesen SM, Lundrup RN, Ladegaard PBJ, Mortensen J, Sørensen MD, Lund L.
.

Sugino Y, Kato T, Furuya S, Sasaki T, Arima K, Sugimura Y.
Department of Nephro-Urologic Surgery and Andrology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan. yusuke.
Department of Urology, Department of Radiology, Yokkaichi Hazu Medical Hospital, Mie, Japan.
Department of Nephro-Urologic Surgery and Andrology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan.

Faix A, Chevallier D.
Comité d'andrologie et de médecine sexuelle, Association Française d'Urologie (AFU), Centre de sexologie et andrologie de la Méditérannée, 265, avenue des Etats du Languedoc, 34000 Montpellier, France.
Service de chirurgie de la transplantation rénale, Département d'urologie et transplantation rénale, CHU Nice, Hôpital universitaire Pasteur 2, 06001 Nice, France.

Sighinolfi MC, Sandri M, Eissa A, El Sherbiny A, Micali S, Bianchi G, Rocco B.
Department of Urology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41100, Modena, Italy.

Junbo L, Yugen L, Guo J, Jing H, Ruichao Y, Tao W.
Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan, P.R. China. Department of Pathophysiology and Molecular Pharmacology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

Yamashita S, Kohjimoto Y, Iwahashi Y, Iguchi T, Nishizawa S, Kikkawa K, Hara I.
Department of Urology, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama 641-0012, Japan.

Dumonceau JM, Delhaye M, Tringali A, Arvanitakis M, Sanchez-Yague A, Vaysse T, Aithal GP, Anderloni A, Bruno M, Cantú P, Devière J, Domínguez-Muñoz JE, Lekkerkerker S, Poley JW, Ramchandani M, Reddy N, van Hooft JE. Gedyt Endoscopy Center, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Department of Gastroenterology Hepatopancreatology, and Digestive Oncology, Erasme University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium. Digestive Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. Centre for Endoscopic Research, Therapeutics and Training (CERTT), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy. Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hospital Costa del Sol, Marbella, Spain. Service de Gastroentérologie, University Hospital of Bicêtre, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Université Paris Sud, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France. Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Nottingham, UK. Endoscopy Unit, IRCCS Istituto Clinico Humanitas, Rozzano, Milan, Italy. Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy. Gastroenterology Department, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.

Alnadhari I, Alwan MA, Salah MA, Ghilan AM.
Urology and Nephrology Center, at Al-Thawra Modern General and Teaching Hospital, Sana'a, Yemen; Department of Urology, Al Wakra Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Al Wakra.

Schnabel MJ, Wagenlehner FME, Schneidewind L.
Department of Urology, Caritas St. Josef Medical Centre, University of Regensburg, Regensburg.
Department of Urology, Paediatric Urology and Andrology, University Hospital Giessen, Giessen.
Department of Haematology/Oncology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.

Patel P, Huang C, Molina M, Ramasamy R.
Department of Urology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.
Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.

Milišić E, Zvizdić Z, Jonuzi A, Hiroš M, Milišić L, Mešić A, Begić E.
Clinic of Paediatric Surgery, University Clinical Centre Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Clinic of Anaesthesiology; University Clinical Centre Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Department of Cardiology, General Hospital "Prim.dr. Abdulah Nakaš", Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Sarajevo School of Science and Technology; Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Usta MF, Gabrielson AT, Bivalacqua TJ
Department of Urology, Section of Andrology, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Dumlupinar Bulvari, Kampus, 07070, Antalya, Turkey. Department of Urology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orlans, LA, USA. Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Sowerby R, Lantz AG, Ghiculete D, Hong A, Farcas M, Barrett K, Lee JY, Ordon M, Pace K, Honey JD

Sen H, Baturu M, Bayrak O, Seckiner I, Seckiner I, Erturhan S
Department of Urology . Gaziantep University. Gaziantep. Turkey

Abid AF, Hussein NS, Mahdi BA
Department of Urology, Medical College, Al Yarmouk Hospital, Al-Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq.

Chung DY, Kang DH, Cho KS, Jeong WS, Jung HD, Kwon JK, Lee SH, Lee JY.Department of Urology, Severance Hospital, Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, department of Urology, Inha University School of Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Kwangju Christian Hospital, Gwangju, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Severance Check-Up, Yonsei University Health System, Department of Nursing Science, Gachon University College of Nursing, Korea.